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Contractions

Contractions are a type of abbreviation in which letters from the middle of the word are omitted. Examples include:

contraction
full form
Dr.
Doctor
St.
Saint
Assn.
Association
 
The rule in American English is to include a period at the end of this type of contraction.
 
A contraction can also be an abbreviated form of more than one word. For example: 
contraction
full form
I’ll
I will/I shall
we’ve
we have
shouldn’t
should not

 

In contractions that represent more than one word, the letters that have been omitted should be replaced with an apostrophe.