by
Pronunciation: /baɪ/
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French translation of by
A. prep
- 2 (with present participle) en by working extra hours = en faisant des heures supplémentaires to learn French by listening to the radio = apprendre le français en écoutant la radio to begin by doing = commencer par faire
- 3 (by means of) par to pay by cheque = payer par chèque by mistake/accident = par erreur/accident to travel to Rome by Venice = aller à Rome en passant par Venise to travel by bus/train = voyager en bus/train by bicycle = à bicyclette, en vélo by candlelight [dine] = aux chandelles; [read] = à la bougie
- 6 (showing authorship) de a film by Claude Chabrol = un film de Claude Chabrol who is it by? = c'est de qui?
- 7 (in time expressions) avant by midnight = avant minuit by this time next week = d'ici la semaine prochaine by the time she had got downstairs he was gone = le temps qu'elle descende, il était parti he should be here by now = il devrait être déjà là
- 9 (showing amount) de prices have risen by 20% = les prix ont augmenté de 20% he's taller than me by two centimetres = il fait deux centimètres de plus que moi
B. adv
- 1 (past) to go by = passer the people walking by = les gens qui passent/passaient, les passants as time goes by = avec le temps
