isoleucine Syllabification: (i·so·leu·cine)Pronunciation: /ˌīsəˈlo͞osēn, -sin/Definition of isoleucine noun Biochemistry a hydrophobic amino acid that is a constituent of most proteins. It is an essential nutrient in the diet of vertebrates. Chemical formula: CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH(NH2)COOH isoleucine in other Oxford dictionaries Definition of isoleucine in the British & World English dictionary