the equilibrium reached between two ionic solutions separated by a semipermeable membrane when one or more of the kinds of ion present cannot pass through the membrane. The result is a difference in osmotic pressure and electrical potential between the solutions
(in economics and game theory) a stable state of a system involving the interaction of different participants, in which no participant can gain by a unilateral change of strategy if the strategies of the others remain unchanged
a state in which a body tends to return to its original position after being disturbed
the hypothesis that evolutionary development is marked by isolated episodes of rapid speciation between long periods of little or no change
a state of equilibrium in which a small disturbance will produce a large change