…a word or phrase shouted by soldiers going into battle to express solidarity and intimidate the enemy…
…a city in southern Michigan, noted as a center of the cereal industry; population 52,053 (est. 2008)…
…a military force created to fight together, typically consisting of several different types of troops…
…the positions taken by military personnel in preparation for battle (often used as a command or signal to prepare for battle)…
…a battle in which the time and place are determined beforehand, rather than a casual or chance skirmish…
…a military engagement which does not occur at a fixed location…
…a naval battle which took place in 31 bc off the promontory of Actium in western Greece, in the course of which Octavian defeated Mark Antony…
…a series of air battles fought over Britain during August-October 1940, in which the RAF successfully resisted raids by the numerically superior German air force. This led Hitler to abandon plans to invade Britain, although the Germans continued to bomb British cities by night for several months afterwards…
…a battle between the English and the French in 1346 near the village of Crécy-en-Ponthieu in Picardy, at which the forces of Edward III defeated those of Philip VI. It was the first major English victory of the Hundred Years War…
…a decisive battle of the Anglo-Scottish war of 1513, at Flodden, a hill near the Northumbrian village of Branxton. A Scottish army under James IV was defeated by a smaller but better-led English force and suffered heavy losses, including the king and most of his nobles…
…a major naval battle in the First World War, fought between the British Grand Fleet under Admiral Jellicoe and the German High Seas Fleet in the North Sea west of Jutland on 31 May 1916. Although the battle was indecisive the German fleet never again sought a full-scale engagement, and the Allies retained control of the North Sea…
…a naval battle fought in 1571 close to the port of Lepanto at the entrance to the Gulf of Corinth. The Christian forces of Rome, Venice, and Spain defeated a large Turkish fleet, ending for the time being Turkish naval domination in the eastern Mediterranean…
…a decisive French victory of Napoleon’s campaign in Italy in 1800, close to the village of Marengo, near Turin. Napoleon crossed the Alps to defeat and capture an Austrian army, a victory which led to Italy returning to French control…
…a major battle of the English Civil War, which took place in 1645 near the village of Naseby in Northamptonshire. The Royalist army of Prince Rupert and King Charles I was decisively defeated by the New Model Army under General Fairfax and Oliver Cromwell…
…the units, formations, and equipment of a military force…
…a battle in 479 bc, during the Persian Wars, in which the Persian forces were defeated by the Greeks near the city of Plataea in Boeotia…
…a battle fought in 1870 near the town of Sedan in NE France, in which the Prussian army defeated a smaller French army under Napoleon III, opening the way for a Prussian advance on Paris and marking the end of the French Second Empire…
…a long and severe battle in 1916, during the First World War, at the fortified town of Verdun in NE France…
…a form of trial by which someone’s guilt or innocence was decided by personal combat between the parties or their champions…
…each of three battles on the Western Front near Ypres during the First World War in 1914, 1915, and 1917…
…a battle in northern France in 1415 during the Hundred Years War, in which the English under Henry V defeated a large French army. The victory, achieved largely by use of the longbow, allowed Henry to occupy Normandy…
…a battle in 1805 near the town of Austerlitz (now in the Czech Republic), in which Napoleon defeated the Austrians and Russians…
…a battle of the Crimean War, fought between Russia and an alliance of British, French, and Turkish forces in and around the small port of Balaclava (now Balaklava) in the southern Crimea in 1854. The battle ended inconclusively; it is chiefly remembered as the scene of the Charge of the Light Brigade…
…a battle in 1812 at Borodino, a village about 110 km (70 miles) west of Moscow, at which Napoleon’s forces defeated the Russian army…
…the final engagement of the Jacobite uprising of 1745-6, fought on a moor near Inverness, the last pitched battle on British soil. The Hanoverian army under the Duke of Cumberland crushed the small and poorly supplied Jacobite army of Charles Edward Stuart, and a ruthless pursuit after the battle effectively prevented any chance of saving the Jacobite cause…
…the first pitched battle of the English Civil War (1642), fought at the village of Edgehill in the west Midlands. The Parliamentary army attempted to halt the Royalist army’s march on London; the battle ended with no clear winner and with heavy losses on both sides…
…a decisive battle of the American Civil War, fought near the town of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania in July 1863. A Union army under General Meade repulsed the Confederate army of General Lee and forced him to abandon his invasion of the north…
…a decisive battle which took place in 1066 just north of the town of Hastings in southern England. William the Conqueror defeated the forces of the Anglo-Saxon king Harold II; Harold died in the battle, leaving the way open for the Norman Conquest of England…
…a battle in 1709 during the War of the Spanish Succession, near the village of Malplaquet in northern France, on the border with Belgium. A force of allied British and Austrian troops under the Duke of Marlborough won a victory over the French…
…a decisive naval battle in the Greek struggle for independence from the Ottoman Empire, fought in 1827 in the Bay of Navarino off Pylos in the Peloponnese. Britain, Russia, and France sent a combined fleet which destroyed the Egyptian and Turkish fleet…
…a battle which took place in 1708 during the War of the Spanish Succession, near the town of Oudenarde in eastern Flanders, Belgium. A force of allied British and Austrian troops defeated the French…
…a battle in the War of the Spanish Succession which took place in 1706 near the village of Ramillies, north of Namur, in Belgium. The British army under General Marlborough defeated the French…
…either of two battles fought in 1777 during the War of American Independence, near the modern city of Saratoga Springs in New York State. The British defeats are conventionally regarded as the turning point in the war in favour of the American side…
…a battle fought in 1685 on the plain of Sedgemoor in Somerset. The forces of the rebel Duke of Monmouth, who had landed in Dorset as champion of the Protestant cause and pretender to the throne, were decisively defeated by James II’s troops…
…a long and bitterly fought battle of the Second World War, in which the German advance into the Soviet Union was turned back at Stalingrad in 1942-3. The Germans surrendered after suffering more than 300,000 casualties…
…a decisive naval battle fought on 21 October 1805 off the cape of Trafalgar on the south coast of Spain during the Napoleonic Wars. The British fleet under Horatio Nelson defeated the combined fleets of France and Spain, which were attempting to clear the way for Napoleon’s projected invasion of Britain…
…a battle fought on 18 June 1815 near the village of Waterloo (in what is now Belgium), in which Napoleon’s army was defeated by the British (under the Duke of Wellington) and Prussians. The allied pursuit caused Napoleon’s army to disintegrate entirely, ending his bid to return to power…
…an ancient British battle in which, according to one theory, the forces of King Arthur successfully defended themselves against the Saxons in ad 516. Another source implies that the battle was fought circa 500 but does not connect it with King Arthur…
