a river which rises in the Apennines of northern Italy and flows westwards 240 km (150 miles) through Florence and Pisa to the Ligurian Sea
(b.1933), German-born American astrophysicist. In 1964, while using a low-noise horn antenna in connection with satellite communications, he and his co-worker Robert Woodrow Wilson (b.1936) detected a mysterious persistent signal identified as cosmic background radiation and serving as the most important evidence to date for the theory of the Big Bang. For this he and Wilson were awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1978