a country in southern Asia occupying the greater part of the Indian subcontinent; population 1,156,897,800 (est. 2009); official languages, Hindi and English (fourteen other languages are recognized as official in certain regions; of these, Bengali, Gujarati, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu, and Urdu have most first-language speakers); capital, New Delhi
soft, absorbent paper, originally imported from China and used for proofs of engravings
that part of the Indian subcontinent administered by the British from 1765, when the East India Company acquired control over Bengal, until 1947, when India became independent and Pakistan was created. By 1850 British India was coterminous with India’s boundaries in the west and north and by 1885 it included Burma in the east. The period of British rule was known as the Raj
any of a number of Asian trees which are cultivated as ornamentals, in particular:
a trading company formed in 1600 to develop commerce in the newly colonized areas of SE Asia and India. In the 18th century it took administrative control of Bengal and other areas of India, and held it until the British Crown took over in 1858 in the wake of the Indian Mutiny
a Dutch trading company founded in 1602 to protect Dutch trading interests in the Indian Ocean
a Dutch trading company founded in 1621 to develop Dutch trading interests in western India, South America, and West Africa
deep black ink containing dispersed carbon particles, used especially in drawing and technical graphics
1st Baron Clive of Plassey (1725–74), British general and colonial administrator; known as Clive of India. In 1757 he recaptured Calcutta (now Kolkata), following the Black Hole incident, and gained control of Bengal. He served as governor of Bengal 1765-7, but was implicated in the East India company’s corruption scandals and committed suicide
1st Baron Clive of Plassey (1725–74), British general and colonial administrator; known as Clive of India. In 1757 he recaptured Calcutta (now Kolkata), following the Black Hole incident, and gained control of Bengal. He served as governor of Bengal 1765-7, but was implicated in the East India company’s corruption scandals and committed suicide
the herbs and spices used in Indian cooking