…the chemical element of atomic number 23, a hard gray metal of the transition series, used to make alloy steels…
…the SI unit of electromotive force, the difference of potential that would drive one ampere of current against one ohm resistance…
…a chiefly American herbaceous plant that bears heads of bright showy flowers, widely cultivated as a garden ornamental…
…a computer chip installed in a television receiver that can be programmed by the user to block or scramble material containing a special code in its signal indicating that it is deemed violent or sexually explicit…
…the day (August 15) in 1945 on which Japan ceased fighting in World War II, or the day (September 2) when Japan formally surrendered…
…a neckline of a garment, having straight sides meeting at a point to form a V-shape…
…a sign made with the first two fingers pointing up in a V-shape, with the palm of the hand facing outward, used as a symbol or gesture of victory or peace…
…(1932-), Trinidadian writer, resident in Britain from 1950; full name Sir Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul. He is best known for his satirical novels, such as A House for Mr. Biswas (1961) and In a Free State (1971). Other notable works: A Way in the World (1994) and Beyond Belief: Islamic Excursions among the Converted People (1998). Nobel Prize for Literature (2001)…
…(1855–1926), US labor union leader; full name Eugene Victor Debs. A founding member of the International Labor Union and the Industrial Workers of the World, he ran for the US presidency five times as the Socialist Party candidate…
…(1888–1970), Indian physicist; full name Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman. He discovered the Raman effect, one of the most important proofs of the quantum theory of light. Nobel Prize for Physics (1930)…
…a national museum of fine and applied art in South Kensington, London, created in 1852 and having collections principally of pictures, textiles, ceramics, and furniture…
…(1900–97), English writer and critic; full name Victor Sawdon Pritchett. His short-story collections include The Spanish Virgin and Other Stories (1930). Pritchett is also noted for his novels, such as Mr. Beluncle (1951), and for his autobiographies, A Cab at the Door (1968) and Midnight Oil (1973). His critical works include The Living Novel (1946)…
…(1921–2004), Indian statesman, Prime Minister 1991-6; full name Pamulaparti Venkata Narasimha Rao…
…Olaf V (1903–91), reigned 1957–91; full name Olaf Alexander Edmund Christian Frederik…
…Henry V (1387–1422), son of Henry IV; reigned 1413–22. He renewed the Hundred Years War soon after coming to the throne and defeated the French at Agincourt in 1415…
…James V (1512–42), son of James IV, reigned 1513–42. During his reign Scotland was dominated by French interests. Relations with England deteriorated in the later years, culminating in an invasion by Henry VIII’s army…
…Charles I (1500–58), son of Philip I; reigned 1516–56; Holy Roman Emperor (as Charles V) 1519–56. His reign was characterized by the struggle against Protestantism in Germany, rebellion in Castile, and war with France 1521–44. Exhausted by these struggles, Charles handed Naples, the Netherlands, and Spain over to his son Philip II and the imperial Crown to his brother Ferdinand before retiring to a monastery…
…Edward V (1470-circa 1483), son of Edward IV; reigned 1483 but not crowned. Edward and his brother Richard, known as the Princes in the Tower, were probably murdered and the throne was taken by their uncle, Richard III…
…George V (1865–1936), son of Edward VII; reigned 1910–36. He exercised restrained but important influence over British politics and played a significant role in the formation of the government in 1931. During World War I he changed the name of the royal house to Windsor…
…Philip V (238–179 bc), reigned 221–179. His expansionist policies led to a series of confrontations with Rome, culminating in his defeat in 197 and his loss of control over Greece…
…Philip V (1683–1746), grandson of Louis XIV; reigned 1700–24 and 1724–46. The selection of Philip as successor to Charles II, and Louis XIV’s insistence that Philip remain an heir to the French throne, gave rise to the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–14). In 1724, Philip abdicated in favor of his son Louis I, but returned to the throne following Louis’s death…
…Olaf V (1903–91), reigned 1957–91; full name Olaf Alexander Edmund Christian Frederik…
…Edward V (1470-circa 1483), son of Edward IV; reigned 1483 but not crowned. Edward and his brother Richard, known as the Princes in the Tower, were probably murdered and the throne was taken by their uncle, Richard III…
…George V (1865–1936), son of Edward VII; reigned 1910–36. He exercised restrained but important influence over British politics and played a significant role in the formation of the government in 1931. During World War I he changed the name of the royal house to Windsor…
…Henry V (1387–1422), son of Henry IV; reigned 1413–22. He renewed the Hundred Years War soon after coming to the throne and defeated the French at Agincourt in 1415…
…James V (1512–42), son of James IV, reigned 1513–42. During his reign Scotland was dominated by French interests. Relations with England deteriorated in the later years, culminating in an invasion by Henry VIII’s army…
