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brown US English

of a color produced by mixing red, yellow, and black, as of dark wood or rich soil

Brown, Capability US English

(1716–83), English landscape gardener; born Lancelot Brown. He evolved an English style of natural-looking landscape parks

Brown, Ford Madox US English

(1821–93), English painter. His early work was inspired by the Pre-Raphaelites, and in 1861 he became a founding member of William Morris’s company, designing stained glass and furniture

Brown, Gordon US English

(1951-), British Labour statesman; prime minister 2007–10; full name Gordon James Brown

Brown, Henry Billings US English

(1836–1913), US Supreme Court associate justice 1891–1906. After serving in several judicial posts in Michigan, he was appointed to the Court by President Benjamin Harrison

Brown, James US English

(1928–2006), US soul and funk singer and songwriter. In the 1960s he played a leading role in the development of funk with songs such as “Papa’s Got a Brand New Bag” (1965) and “Sex Machine” (1970)

Brown, Jim US English

(1936-), US football player and actor; full name James Nathaniel Brown. He was the National Football League’s premier running back, leading the league in rushing in eight of his nine seasons 1957–65 with the Cleveland Browns. He was later featured in several movies, including The Dirty Dozen (1967) and Ice Station Zebra (1968). Football Hall of Fame (1971)

Brown, John US English

(1800–59), US abolitionist. In 1859 he was executed after raiding a government arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia (later part of West Virginia), with the intention of arming slaves and starting a revolt. He became a hero of the abolitionists in the Civil War, and he is commemorated in the song “John Brown’s Body.”

Brown, Sir Arthur Whitten US English

(1886–1948), Scottish aviator. In 1919, he made the first transatlantic flight, with Sir John William Alcock

Brown in Brownian motion US English

the erratic random movement of microscopic particles in a fluid, as a result of continuous bombardment from molecules of the surrounding medium

brown ale US English

dark, mild beer sold in bottles

brown bag US English

a bag made of opaque brown paper

brown fat US English

a dark-colored adipose tissue with many blood vessels, involved in the rapid production of heat in hibernating animals and human babies

brown owl US English

another term for tawny owl.

brown rat US English

a rat found throughout the world, often living in association with man and regarded as a pest. It is commonly kept as a laboratory animal and as a pet, and is also bred in the albino form

brown rot US English

a fungal disease causing the rotting and browning of parts of plants, in particular

nut-brown US English

of a rich dark brown color

red-brown US English

a brown color tinged with red

brown algae US English

algae belonging to a large group that includes many seaweeds, typically olive brown or greenish in color. They contain xanthophyll in addition to chlorophyll

brown bear US English

a large bear with a coat color ranging from cream to black, occurring chiefly in forests in Eurasia and North America

brown belt US English

a brown belt marking a high level of proficiency in judo, karate, or other martial arts, below that of a black belt

Brown Betty US English

a baked pudding made with apples or other fruit and breadcrumbs

brown cloud US English

a visible pall of air pollutants that persists over a city or other area

brown coal US English

another term for lignite.

brown dwarf US English

a celestial object intermediate in size between a giant planet and a small star, believed to emit mainly infrared radiation

brown earth US English

a type of soil having a brown humus-rich surface layer

brown goods US English

television sets, audio equipment, and similar household appliances

brown hare US English

a hare found commonly in much of Eurasia

brown-nose (also brownnose) US English

a person who acts in a grossly obsequious way

brown rice US English

unpolished rice with only the husk of the grain removed

brown sauce US English

a savory sauce made with fat and flour cooked to a brown color

brown snake US English

a fast-moving, venomous, and aggressive Australian snake, with a variety of color forms

brown sugar US English

unrefined or partially refined sugar

Brown Swiss US English

an animal of a brown breed of dairy cattle, originally bred in Switzerland

brown-tail (also brown-tail moth) US English

a white European moth that has a brown tip on the abdomen and is a pest of tree foliage in several areas, including North America. The caterpillars live communally in web tents and bear irritant hairs that can produce an allergic reaction

brown trout US English

the common trout of Europe, especially one of a nonmigratory race with dark spotted skin, that occurs in small rivers and pools. It has been introduced into North America as a game fish

olive brown US English

a dull shade of yellowish brown

wall brown US English

a brown Eurasian butterfly with orange markings on the wings, which breeds on grasses

brown bagging US English

the practice of bringing one’s own packed lunch to work

brown-haired US English

having brown-colored hair

brown holland US English

unbleached holland linen

brown recluse (also brown recluse spider) US English

a brown venomous North American spider, identifiable by the dark brown violin-shaped marking on the top of its orange-yellow head

meadow brown US English

a common Eurasian butterfly that has brown and orange wings with small eyespots

Vandyke brown US English

a deep rich brown

Almirante Brown US English

a city in eastern Argentina, forming part of the conurbation of Buenos Aires; population 568,500 (est. 2008)

browned off in brown US English

make someone feel irritated or depressed

Capability Brown US English

see Brown, Henry Billings.

as brown as a berry in brown US English

(of a person) very suntanned

do something up brown in brown US English

do something thoroughly or completely

brown tree snake US English

a nocturnal tree snake of Pacific origin that has escaped captivity as a pet to threaten native fauna in many Pacific Rim locations