…a barren and virtually uninhabited island in the Arctic Ocean between Greenland and Norway, annexed by Norway in 1929…
…Jan (1568–1623), son of Pieter Bruegel the Elder; known as Velvet. He was a celebrated painter of flower, landscape, and mythological pictures…
…(1900–92), Dutch astronomer; full name Jan Hendrik Oort. He proved that the galaxy rotates and determined the position and orbital period of the sun within it…
…(1870–1950), South African statesman and soldier; prime minister 1919–24 and 1939–48; full name Jan Christiaan Smuts. He led Boer forces during the Second Boer War and later commanded Allied troops against German East Africa in 1916. He helped to found the League of Nations…
…(circa 1478-circa 1533), Flemish painter; Flemish name Jan Gossaert. He was one of the first artists to disseminate the Italian style in the Netherlands…
…(circa 1370–1441), Flemish painter. Notable works: The Adoration of the Lamb (known as the Ghent Altarpiece, 1432) in the church of St. Bavon in Ghent and The Arnolfini Marriage (1434)…
…(1632–75), Dutch painter. He generally painted domestic genre scenes, for example The Kitchen Maid (circa 1658), The Music Lesson (circa 1662–65), and The Girl with a Pearl Earring (circa 1665–66). His work is distinguished by its clear design and simple form…
…(1903–94), Dutch economist. A pioneer in econometrics, he was the brother of zoologist Nikolaas Tinbergen. Nobel Prize for Economics (1969), shared with Ragnar Frisch…
…(1730–99), Dutch scientist. He is noted for his work on photosynthesis, in which he discovered that green plants placed in sunlight produce oxygen…
…(1637–80), Dutch naturalist and microscopist. He classified insects into four groups and was the first to observe red blood cells…
…(1860–1941), Polish pianist, composer, and statesman; prime minister 1919. He was the first prime minister of independent Poland, but resigned after only 10 months in office to resume his musical career…
…(1577–1644), Belgian chemist and physician. He made early studies on the conservation of matter, was the first to distinguish gases, and coined the word gas…
…Jan (1568–1623), son of Pieter Bruegel the Elder; known as Velvet. He was a celebrated painter of flower, landscape, and mythological pictures…
…(circa 1372–1415), Bohemian religious reformer; Czech name Jan Hus. He supported the views of Wyclif, attacked ecclesiastical abuses, and was excommunicated in 1411. He was later tried and burned at the stake…
…(circa 1478-circa 1533), Flemish painter; Flemish name Jan Gossaert. He was one of the first artists to disseminate the Italian style in the Netherlands…
…(1923–91), Czech-born British publisher and media entrepreneur; born Jan Ludvik Hoch; full name Ian Robert Maxwell. He died in obscure circumstances while yachting off Tenerife; it subsequently emerged that he had misappropriated company pension funds…
…(1932-), US movie director; born Jan Tomáš Forman in Czechoslovakia. He made One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest (1975), which won five Academy Awards, and Amadeus (1984), which won eight Academy Awards, including that for best director…
…(1900–92), Dutch astronomer; full name Jan Hendrik Oort. He proved that the galaxy rotates and determined the position and orbital period of the sun within it…
…(1870–1950), South African statesman and soldier; prime minister 1919–24 and 1939–48; full name Jan Christiaan Smuts. He led Boer forces during the Second Boer War and later commanded Allied troops against German East Africa in 1916. He helped to found the League of Nations…
…(1906–96), South African explorer and writer; full name Sir Laurens Jan Van der Post. His books, including Venture to the Interior (1952) and The Lost World of the Kalahari (1958), combine travel writing and descriptions of fauna with philosophical speculation…
