facultative
Pronunciation: /ˈfak(ə)lˌtətɪv/
adjective
- occurring optionally in response to circumstances rather than by nature: facultative adjustment in relation to competitive abilities
- Biology capable of but not restricted to a particular function or mode of life: a facultative parasiteOften contrasted with obligate.

Origin:
early 19th century: from French facultatif, -ive, from faculté (see faculty)