threoninePronunciation: /ˈθriːəniːn/Definition of threonine noun [mass noun] Biochemistry a hydrophilic amino acid which is a constituent of most proteins. It is an essential nutrient in the diet of vertebrates. Chemical formula: CH3CH(OH)CH(NH2)COOH Origin: 1930s: from threose (the name of a tetrose sugar) + -ine4threonine in other Oxford dictionaries Definition of threonine in the US English dictionary