sphingosinePronunciation: /ˈsfɪŋgə(ʊ)sʌɪn/Definition of sphingosine noun [mass noun] Biochemistry a basic compound which is a constituent of a number of substances important in the metabolism of nerve cells, especially sphingomyelins. A crystalline alcohol; chemical formula: C18H37NO2 sphingosine in other Oxford dictionaries Definition of sphingosine in the US English dictionary