roseolaPronunciation: /rə(ʊ)ˈziːələ, ˌrəʊzɪˈəʊlə/Definition of roseola noun [mass noun] Medicine a rose-coloured rash occurring in measles, typhoid fever, syphilis, and some other diseases. (in full roseola infantum /ɪnˈfantəm/) a disease of young children in which a fever is followed by a rash, caused by a herpesvirus. Origin: early 19th century: modern variant of rubeola, from Latin roseus 'rose-coloured'roseola in other Oxford dictionaries Definition of roseola in the US English dictionary