prolinePronunciation: /ˈprəʊliːn/Definition of proline noun [mass noun] Biochemistry an amino acid which is a constituent of most proteins, especially collagen. A heterocyclic compound; chemical formula: C5H9NO2 Origin: early 20th century: contraction of the chemical name p(yr)rol(id)ine-2-carboxylic acidproline in other Oxford dictionaries Definition of proline in the US English dictionary