lactobacillusPronunciation: /ˌlaktəʊbəˈsɪləs/Definition of lactobacillus noun (plural lactobacilli /-lʌɪ/) Biology a rod-shaped bacterium which produces lactic acid from the fermentation of carbohydrates. Genus Lactobacillus; non-motile Gram-positive bacteria lactobacillus in other Oxford dictionaries Definition of lactobacillus in the US English dictionary