horseshoe crabDefinition of horseshoe crab noun a large marine arthropod with a domed horseshoe-shaped shell, a long tail spine, and ten legs, little changed since the Devonian. Class Merostomata, subphylum Chelicerata: four species, in particular the North American Limulus polyphemus horseshoe crab in other Oxford dictionaries Definition of horseshoe crab in the US English dictionary