ProteusPronunciation: /ˈprəʊtɪəs/Definition of Proteus 1 Greek Mythology a minor sea god who had the power of prophecy but would assume different shapes to avoid answering questions. 2 Astronomy a satellite of Neptune, the sixth closest to the planet, discovered by the Voyager 2 space probe in 1989 (diameter 400 km). Proteus in other Oxford dictionaries Definition of Proteus in the US English dictionary