paleontology Syllabification: (pa·le·on·tol·o·gy)Pronunciation: /ˌpālēˌənˈtäləjē/Definition of paleontology noun the branch of science concerned with fossil animals and plants. Derivatives paleontologicalPronunciation: /ˌpālēˌäntəˈläjikəl/ adjective paleontologistPronunciation: /-jist/ noun Origin: mid 19th century: from paleo- 'of prehistoric times' + Greek onta 'beings' (neuter plural of ōn, present participle of einai 'be') + -logypaleontology in other Oxford dictionaries Definition of paleontology in the British & World English dictionary