nephrology Syllabification: (ne·phrol·o·gy)Pronunciation: /nəˈfräləjē/Definition of nephrology noun the branch of medicine that deals with the physiology and diseases of the kidneys. Derivatives nephrologicalPronunciation: /ˌnefrəˈläjikəl/ adjective nephrologistPronunciation: /-jist/ noun nephrology in other Oxford dictionaries Definition of nephrology in the British & World English dictionary