algebra

Origin:

late Middle English: from Italian, Spanish, and medieval Latin, from Arabic al-jabr 'the reunion of broken parts', 'bone setting', from jabara 'reunite, restore'. The original sense, 'the surgical treatment of fractures', probably came via Spanish, in which it survives; the mathematical sense comes from the title of a book, ʿilm al-jabr wa'l-muḳābala 'the science of restoring what is missing and equating like with like', by the mathematician al-Ḵwārizmī (see algorithm)